JCO:伊班膦酸钠辅助治疗早期淋巴结阳性乳腺癌无生存获益

2013-09-06 beijia688 dxy

研究要点: 德国早期淋巴结阳性乳腺癌患者在剂量密集化疗后进行2年的伊班膦酸钠辅助治疗并未改善预后。伊班膦酸钠辅助治疗组较观察组无明显的无病生存率和总生存率改善。某些早期高危乳腺癌亚组患者或可受益于辅助性双膦酸盐治疗。 既有研究显示双膦酸盐能够预防转移性乳腺癌患者发生骨骼相关事件,但其疗效尚未在早期乳腺癌患者中得到证实。伊班膦酸钠是一种可口服或静脉注射用双膦酸盐,毒性作用耐受良好,是一种潜在的辅

研究要点:

德国早期淋巴结阳性乳腺癌患者在剂量密集化疗后进行2年的伊班膦酸钠辅助治疗并未改善预后。
伊班膦酸钠辅助治疗组较观察组无明显的无病生存率和总生存率改善。
某些早期高危乳腺癌亚组患者或可受益于辅助性双膦酸盐治疗。

既有研究显示双膦酸盐能够预防转移性乳腺癌患者发生骨骼相关事件,但其疗效尚未在早期乳腺癌患者中得到证实。伊班膦酸钠是一种可口服或静脉注射用双膦酸盐,毒性作用耐受良好,是一种潜在的辅助药物。德国乳腺组的Gunter von Minckwitz医生联合德国乳腺组/妇科肿瘤工作组/东北部德国妇科肿瘤协会研究组的同事进行了一项名为GAIN(German Adjuvant Intergroup Node-Positive)的研究,他们发现德国早期淋巴结阳性乳腺癌患者在剂量密集化疗后进行2年的伊班膦酸钠辅助治疗并未改善预后。文章发布于2013年8月26日的JCO杂志在线版上。【原文下载

该研究是一项2 x 2因子设计的Ⅲ期开放性随机对照试验(NCT00196872),在本研究中,淋巴结阳性的早期乳腺癌患者按1:1比例随机分配接受两种不同的剂量密集化疗方案,并按照2:1的比例被分配接受伊班膦酸钠50 mg/d口服用药、持续2年或单纯接受观察。总共有2640例患者和728次事件接受双侧α = .05和 (1-β)80%分析评估,证实伊班膦酸钠使无病生存率(DFS)从75% 提高到79.5%。本文报道的伊班膦酸钠已由独立数据监测委员会发布,在观察了50%的DFS事件后发现未超过无效边界。

结果显示,在2004年6月至2008年8月期间,有2,015例患者和1,008例经随机分组分别接受伊班膦酸钠治疗和观察。分析结果显示,2年伊班膦酸钠治疗组与观察组患者在无病生存率或总体生存率上无差异,分别有31% 和38%的患者发生了骨转移。与40至59岁的患者相比,小于40岁或高于60岁的患者使用伊班膦酸钠治疗DFS会更长。
研究者由此得出结论,口服伊班膦酸钠辅助治疗不改善高危早期乳腺癌剂量密集化疗后结局。
研究背景:
一些研究证实,早期乳腺癌患者手术后给予全身性治疗可带来临床上的长期生存效应。靶向药物如它莫西芬(一种芳香酶抑制剂),以及曲妥珠单抗有良好的治疗效果和毒性表现,然而它们只能应用于某一特定患者人群。非靶向性细胞毒素药物治疗在减轻所有患者亚型的相对风险上表现出相似的效果,但毒性作用显著,因此仅限用于有实质性复发或死亡危险的患者。此外,还观察到所有的治疗方案都会出现抵抗。因此,毒性作用小的辅助治疗是改善生存的较理想选择。

双膦酸盐可抑制破骨细胞介导的骨再吸收作用,曾成功应用于晚期乳腺癌的骨转移治疗。此外,它可能还存在直接的抗肿瘤机制如激活抗肿瘤免疫应答反应,抑制血管生成,抑制间充质干细胞的相互作用等。研究者在设计GAIN研究时,已经有3项研究对非氨基双膦酸盐的辅助治疗作出探索;其中两项证实此类药物可通过减少骨转移的发生和其他器官的复发而获得无病生存率(DFS)和总生存率(OS)的裨益。第三项研究和其他小型研究未证实上述发现。

新型氨基双膦酸盐药物(如唑来膦酸或伊班膦酸钠)已证实有更高的破骨细胞抑制率和可接受的生物药效率。伊班膦酸钠是一种注册为肿瘤相关高钙血症和乳腺癌骨转移相关的骨骼事件的预防用口服双膦酸盐药。与静脉注射药物唑来膦酸相比,口服伊班膦酸钠表现出对骨再吸收标志物的作用。

伊班膦酸钠的使用不会引起任何肾毒性或其他相关毒性作用,研究者认为,这种口服药物适用于乳腺癌患者的辅助治疗,特别是接受剂量密集化疗方案,经强化静脉注射药物治疗后患者的辅助治疗。本文报道了剂量密集化疗后伊班膦酸钠VS.安慰剂辅助治疗2年的有效性和安全性结果。

原文下载
von Minckwitz G, Möbus V, Schneeweiss A, Huober J, Thomssen C, Untch M, Jackisch C, Diel IJ, Elling D, Conrad B, Kreienberg R, Müller V, Lück HJ, Bauerfeind I, Clemens M, Schmidt M, Noeding S, Forstbauer H, Barinoff J, Belau A, Nekljudova V, Harbeck N, Loibl S.German Adjuvant Intergroup Node-Positive Study: A Phase III Trial to Compare Oral Ibandronate Versus Observation in Patients With High-Risk Early Breast Cancer.J Clin Oncol. 2013 Aug 26.

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    2013-10-08 lidong40
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    2013-09-08 sodoo
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