Pediatrics:治疗婴儿尿路感染合理选取短疗程IV抗菌药物也安全

2017-11-27 常路 环球医学

尿路感染(UTI)是医疗相关感染中最常见的类型。然而随着抗菌药物的使用,微生物耐药也在迅速增加,在一定条件下限制抗菌药物使用尤为重要。2017年11月,发表在《Pediatrics》的一项研究表明,对于≤60天婴儿的UTI治疗,合理选取的短疗程静脉注射抗菌药物也很安全。

尿路感染(UTI)是医疗相关感染中最常见的类型。然而随着抗菌药物的使用,微生物耐药也在迅速增加,在一定条件下限制抗菌药物使用尤为重要。2017年11月,发表在《Pediatrics》的一项研究表明,对于≤60天婴儿的UTI治疗,合理选取的短疗程静脉注射抗菌药物也很安全。

目的:旨在评估2005~2015年,≤60天的婴儿中,静脉注射(IV)抗菌药物治疗UTIs疗程的趋势,确定IV抗菌药物治疗的疗程是否与再入院相关。

方法:确诊为UTI的≤60天婴儿的回顾性分析,这些婴儿入住到儿童医院并接受了IV抗菌药物。如果婴儿具有既往手术史或合并症、菌血症或入住到ICU,则排除在研究外。从2005~2015年的儿童健康信息系统数据库中分析数据。首要结局指标为因UTI而30天内再入院。

结果:接受4天或更长时间IV抗菌药物(长IV治疗)的≤60天婴儿的比例从2005年的50%降到2015年的19%。在46家儿童医院接受长疗程IV治疗的≤60天婴儿的比例在3%~59%之间变化,不与再入院相关(相关系数,0.13;P=0.37)。多变量分析中,因UTI再入院与低龄和女性性别相关,而与IV抗菌药物治疗疗程不相关(长疗程IV治疗的调整比值比,0.93;95% CI,0.52~1.67)。

结论:接受长疗程IV治疗的≤60天婴儿的比例从2005年到2015年大幅下降,再入院不增加。这些结果支持了,合理选取的新生儿短疗程IV抗菌药物治疗的安全性。

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    2018-07-26 hbwxf
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    2018-10-22 feather89
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    2017-11-29 lhlxtx